A Viewpoint Toward Water in Arid and Semi-Arid Rural Areas of Iran (South Khorasan Province and Breeding Animals and Plants that are Resistive to Drought and Dried Conditions)
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Abstract
Water is a primary resource, essential for life on planet Earth. It is not only a beverage or an indispensable
tool for human hygiene and personal care but also above all, an essential means for agriculture and livestock
farming. Accounting for water resources assets is an important part of the inventory of nationally owned
natural resources assets and is a basic prerequisite for the preparation of natural resources balance sheets.
Iran, as a developing country, is located in arid and semi-arid areas in which water scarcity is a major issue,
and regarding the highest level of water shortage is in the agricultural sector, the need for efficient use, or
in other words, management of agricultural water, is inevitable. Socioecological sustainability arises from
interactions between natural and social systems. Sustainability in water security means effectively managing
water resources to continuously achieve social goals without surpassing ecological limits to maintain or
enhance ecological integrity and social well-being. Agriculture is a highly water-consuming activity, and
water resources worldwide are heavily exploited for food production. Pollution due to agricultural activities
in Iran has increased during the last two decades. Pollutions are released into the atmosphere and thereafter
pollute water and soil resources. Agriculture is heavily impacted by present climate change, and a potential
reduction in harvest may lead to larger water requirements for sustainable yield and a decline in food
security worldwide. In this article, author discusses and states the most important aspects of water in arid
and semi-arid rural areas of Iran with emphasizing on south Khorasan province and breeding animals and
plants that are resistive to drought and dried conditions. Furthermore, this article is an abbreviation and short
communication of author’s book that published in 2025.
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