Soil Erosion and Control Measures in the Mountainous Agricultural Zones of Azerbaijan Soil Erosion and Control Measures in the Mountainous Agricultural Zones of Azerbaijan

Abstract

As a result of the erosion process, most of the mountainous and foothill areas of the country have lost their fertility. The need for comprehensive control measures to restore lost fertility is as important as the demand of the day, and its scientific and economic effectiveness is determined. For this purpose, the soil vegetation of the natural zones, climatic conditions, and ecological conditions of the landscapes were studied and analyzed based on the results of the monitoring. In the example of Gusar region, the object of research was selected and cuts were made, and the corresponding field-soil-erosion study was carried out. Analytical laboratory researches were carried out on soil samples taken in the area and the results were analyzed. Based on the results of the comparative analysis, it was determined that these gray-brown soil types, which are widespread in the area, are mostly eroded to a moderate degree. The fertility of these lands has been lost and productivity has declined. In the process of soil erosion in the mountainous and foothill regions of the country, many of them have lost their productivity. It is recommended to take comprehensive measures to restore soil fertility. To this end, it is necessary to have the honor of climatic conditions, vegetation landscapes, and other natural ecological aspects.